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@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ |
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* (floating point audio). |
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* MIT License on changed portions |
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* Bob Larkin March 2021 original write |
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* Rev 21 Jan 2022 Major redo and ready to publish. RSL |
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* Rev 21 Jan 2022 Major redo and ready to publish. Bob L |
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* Rev 15 March 2023 - Added dynamic sample rate control; added 12 ksps; corrected |
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* receiveWritable_f32() for block with output. Bob L |
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* |
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* This is specific for the CTCSS tone system |
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* with tones in the 67.0 to 254.1 Hz range. |
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@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ |
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* filtering and to reduce processing load. The filter parameters of the decimation |
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* LPF can be used at any sampling rate from 44 to 100 kHz. Other rates will need |
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* a new design for the LPF. See the discussion below for "iirLpfCoeffs" showing |
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* how to design such a filter. |
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* how to design such a filter. (Mar 2023: Decimate by 8 for 12 ksps). |
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* |
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* The bandpass filter to cover 67 to 254 Hz is predesigned for sample rates near |
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* 44, 48, 96 or 100 kHz. The discussion below "BPF iir Coefficients" has |
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@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ |
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* |
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* Note - Pieces of this support block sizes other than 128, but not all. |
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* Work needs to be done to implement and test variable block size. The same is |
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* true for sample rates outside the 44.1 to 100 kHz range. |
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* true for sample rates outside the 12 and 44.1 to 100 kHz range. |
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*/ |
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#ifndef analyze_CTCSS_F32_h_ |
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@ -165,43 +167,84 @@ public: |
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initCTCSS(); |
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} |
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// This is called at instantation and also if either freq or sample_rate_Hz is changed
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void initCTCSS(void) |
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{ |
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frequency(103.5f, 300.0f); // Defaults
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setNotchX4(103.5f); |
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// Initialize BiQuad instance (ARM DSP Math Library)
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gEnabled = true; |
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float32_t nDecimatef = (float32_t)nDecimate; // Later use
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// INFO: Initialize BiQuad instance (ARM DSP Math Library)
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//https://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/DSP/html/group__BiquadCascadeDF1.html
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arm_biquad_cascade_df1_init_f32(&iir_lpf_inst, 2, &iirLpfCoeffs[0], &StateLpf32[0]); |
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// First, select the BPF for measuring the noise level
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if(iirUserBpfCoeffs != NULL) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = iirUserBpfCoeffs; // From INO, always use if supplied
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//else if(sample_rate_Hz>11000.0f && sample_rate_Hz<11050.0f)
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//iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp11; Not currently implemented
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>11975.0f && sample_rate_Hz<12025.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp12; |
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//else if(sample_rate_Hz>23950.0f && sample_rate_Hz<24050.0f)
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//iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp24; Not currently implemented
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>43900.0f && sample_rate_Hz<44200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp44; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>47900.0f && sample_rate_Hz<48100.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp48; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>95800.0f && sample_rate_Hz<96200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp96; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>99800.0f && sample_rate_Hz<100200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp100; |
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else gEnabled = false; |
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arm_biquad_cascade_df1_init_f32(&iir_bpf_inst, 4, iirBpfCoeffs, &StateBpf32[0]); |
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for (int i=0; i<8; i++) |
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if(sample_rate_Hz>11900 && sample_rate_Hz<24100) // Now choose a pre-decimation LPF
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{ |
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nDecimate = 8; |
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arm_biquad_cascade_df1_init_f32(&iir_lpf_inst, 4, &iirLpfCoeffs12[0], &StateLpf32[0]); |
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} |
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else if (sample_rate_Hz>44000 && sample_rate_Hz<100100) |
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{ |
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nDecimate = 16; |
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arm_biquad_cascade_df1_init_f32(&iir_lpf_inst, 4, &iirLpfCoeffs44[0], &StateLpf32[0]); |
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} |
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else gEnabled = false; |
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nDecimatef = (float32_t)nDecimate; |
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sampleRate2 = sample_rate_Hz / nDecimatef; |
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for (int i=0; i<16; i++) // Need 8 when decimate is 16 or 16 if decimate is 8
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{ |
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d16a[i] = 0.0f; |
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d16b[i] = 0.0f; |
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} |
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arm_biquad_cascade_df1_init_f32(&iir_nulls_inst, 4, &iirNullsCoeffs[0], &StateNullsF32[0]); |
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thresholds(0.1f, 1.0f); |
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gEnabled = true; |
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setCTCSS_BP(NULL); // May be invalid if Sample rate is not provided for here.
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} |
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// Set frequency and length of Goertzel in Hz and milliseconds.
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void frequency(float freq) { // Defaults to 300 mSec
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frequency(freq, 300.0f); |
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} |
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void frequency(float freq, float tMeas) { |
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// e.g. freq=103.5, tMeas=250, sample_rate_Hz = 44100, gLength=689
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gLength = (uint16_t)(0.5 + sample_rate_Hz*tMeas/(1000.0f*16)); // reinstated
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gLength = (uint16_t)(0.5 + sample_rate_Hz*tMeas/(1000.0f*nDecimatef)); // reinstated
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// Now set the notch filters for the four-biquad notch filters
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setNotchX4(freq); |
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// and the sub-audible general BP filter
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setCTCSS_BP(NULL); |
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// e.g., freq=103.5, sample_rate_Hz=44100, gCoefficient=2*cos(0.23594)=1.944634
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gCoefficient = 2.0f*cosf(6.28318530718f*16.0f*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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gCoefficient = 2.0f*cosf(6.28318530718f*nDecimatef*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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// Another constant for ending calculation is exp(-j 2*pi*16*freq*(glength-1)/sample_rate_Hz)
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ccRe = cos(6.28318530718f*16.0f*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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ccIm = -sin(6.28318530718f*16.0f*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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ccRe = cos(6.28318530718f*nDecimatef*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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ccIm = -sin(6.28318530718f*nDecimatef*freq/sample_rate_Hz); |
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thresholds(0.1f, 1.0f); |
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} |
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// Set frequency and length of Goertzel detect tone in Hz and milliseconds.
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void frequency(float32_t _freq) { // Defaults to 300 mSec
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frequency(_freq, 300.0f); |
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} |
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void frequency(float32_t _freq, float32_t _tMeas) { |
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freq = _freq; |
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tMeas = _tMeas; |
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initCTCSS(); |
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} |
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// Sample rates 12, 44.1, 48, 96 and 100 ksps are supported.
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void setSampleRate_Hz(const float32_t &fs_Hz) { |
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sample_rate_Hz = fs_Hz; |
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initCTCSS(); |
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} |
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bool available(void) { |
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__disable_irq(); |
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@ -212,9 +255,9 @@ public: |
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return flag; |
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} |
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float readTonePower(void) { return powerTone; } |
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float32_t readTonePower(void) { return powerTone; } |
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float readRefPower(void) { return powerRef; } |
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float32_t readRefPower(void) { return powerRef; } |
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const uint16_t isAbsThreshold=1; |
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const uint16_t isRelThreshold=2; |
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@ -229,7 +272,7 @@ public: |
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else return false; // Something was wrong about call
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} |
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void thresholds(float levelAbs, float levelRel) { |
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void thresholds(float32_t levelAbs, float32_t levelRel) { |
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// The absolute threshold is compared with tonePower
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if (levelAbs < 0.000001f) threshAbs = 0.000001f; |
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else threshAbs = levelAbs; |
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@ -244,29 +287,16 @@ public: |
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virtual void update(void); |
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/* The bandpass filter covers 67 to 254 Hz to allow a comparison
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* measurement for the tone. This changes with sample rate. Four |
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* precomputed filters are provided for 44.1, 48, 96 and 100 kHz. |
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* Supply a NULL for the filterCoeffs to use these 4. |
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* filterCoeffs points to an array of 20 floats that are IIR |
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* measurement for the tone. This changes with sample rate. Five |
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* precomputed filters are provided for 12, 44.1, 48, 96 and 100 kHz. |
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* Supply a NULL for the filterCoeffs to use these five. |
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* _filterCoeffs points to an array of 20 floats that are IIR |
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* coefficients for four BiQuad Stages. To use caller supplied |
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* filter coefficients, call with a pointer to that 4x BiQuad filter at |
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* filterCoeffs. |
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*/ |
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float* setCTCSS_BP(float *filterCoeffs) |
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{ |
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if(filterCoeffs == NULL) |
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{ |
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if(sample_rate_Hz>43900.0f && sample_rate_Hz<44200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp44; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>47900.0f && sample_rate_Hz<48100.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp48; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>95800.0f && sample_rate_Hz<96200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp96; |
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else if(sample_rate_Hz>99800.0f && sample_rate_Hz<100200.0f) |
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iirBpfCoeffs = coeff32bp100; |
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else return NULL; |
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} |
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else iirBpfCoeffs = filterCoeffs; // Caller supplied
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float* setCTCSS_BP(float32_t *_filterCoeffs) { |
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iirUserBpfCoeffs = _filterCoeffs; // Caller supplied
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return iirBpfCoeffs; |
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} |
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@ -275,7 +305,7 @@ public: |
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* Call this function with a pointer to that array. To stop windowing, |
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* call this function with NULL as an argument. |
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* / Windowing not yet implemented <<<------------------- |
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void setGWindow(float *pWinCoeff) |
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void setGWindow(float32_t *pWinCoeff) |
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{ |
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windowCoeff = pWinCoeff; // Point to the caller supplied window function
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if(pWinCoeff != NULL) |
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@ -287,35 +317,39 @@ public: |
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private: |
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int16_t count16 = 0; unsigned long cnt = 0UL; |
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float ccRe=0.0f; |
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float ccIm=0.0f; |
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float freq = 103.5f; |
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float tMeas = 300.0f; |
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float d16a[8]; // Small data blocks, after decimation
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float d16b[8]; |
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float gCoefficient = 1.9f; // Goertzel algorithm coefficient
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float gs1, gs2; // Goertzel algorithm state
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float out1, out2; // Goertzel algorithm state output
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float powerTone; |
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float powerRef; |
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float32_t ccRe=0.0f; |
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float32_t ccIm=0.0f; |
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float32_t freq = 103.5f; |
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float32_t tMeas = 300.0f; |
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uint16_t nDecimate = 16; |
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float32_t sampleRate2 = 2756.25f; // 44100/16 etc.
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float32_t d16a[16]; // Small data blocks, after decimation
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float32_t d16b[16]; // Reference power sum
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float32_t gCoefficient = 1.9f; // Goertzel algorithm coefficient
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float32_t gs1, gs2; // Goertzel algorithm state
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float32_t out1, out2; // Goertzel algorithm state output
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float32_t powerTone; |
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float32_t powerRef; |
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uint16_t gLength; // number of samples to analyze
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uint16_t gCount; // how many left to analyze
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float powerSum = 0.0f; |
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float32_t powerSum = 0.0f; |
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uint16_t powerSumCount = 0; |
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float threshAbs = 0.1f; // absolute threshold, 0.01 to 0.99
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float threshRel = 1.0f; // noise relative threshold
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float32_t threshAbs = 0.1f; // absolute threshold, 0.01 to 0.99
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float32_t threshRel = 1.0f; // noise relative threshold
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bool gEnabled = false; |
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volatile bool new_output = false; |
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audio_block_f32_t *inputQueueArray_f32[1]; |
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float sample_rate_Hz = AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE; |
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float32_t sample_rate_Hz = AUDIO_SAMPLE_RATE; |
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uint16_t block_size = 128; |
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float iirNullsCoeffs[20]; |
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float *iirBpfCoeffs; |
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float32_t iirNullsCoeffs[20]; |
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float32_t *iirBpfCoeffs; |
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float32_t *iirUserBpfCoeffs; |
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// windowCoeff needs to store half of values (symmetry) for up to
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// 0.25 second at 100KHz sample rate, or 0.25*0.5*100000/16=782 pts.
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// This is extravagant and needs to be in caller area to allow
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// frugality when there is no window at all.
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// float *windowCoeff; <<- Windowing is not currently implemented
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// float32_t *windowCoeff; <<- Windowing is not currently implemented
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// uint16_t nWindow = 0; <<- ditto
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/* Info - The structure from arm_biquad_casd_df1_inst_f32 instance consists of
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* uint32_t numStages; |
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@ -336,43 +370,47 @@ private: |
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* The state variables are updated after each block of data is processed; the |
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* coefficients are untouched. |
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*/ |
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float StateLpf32[2*4]; |
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float StateBpf32[4*4]; |
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float StateNullsF32[4*4]; |
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float32_t StateLpf32[4*4]; |
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float32_t StateBpf32[4*4]; |
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float32_t StateNullsF32[4*4]; |
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// The coefficients are stored in the array pCoeffs in the following order:
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// {b10, b11, b12, a11, a12, b20, b21, b22, a21, a22, ...}
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// where b1x and a1x are the coefficients for the first stage, b2x and a2x are
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// the coefficients for the second stage, and so on. The pCoeffs array
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// contains a total of 5*numStages values.
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// a10, a20, etc are all 1.000 and not listed.
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/*
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* LPF for decimation before CTCSS tone detector. |
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* Pick cutoff frequency to pass 254 Hz with fs=44.1kHz |
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* or fc=2*254/44100=0.01152. This passes highest tone |
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* frequency at the lowest sample rate. Octave code: |
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* FSample = 44100; |
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* halfFSample = 0.5 * FSample |
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* [z,p,g] = ellip(4,0.1,60,254/halfFSample); |
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* sos = zp2sos(z,p,g); |
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* sos1 = sos(1:1,:) % 1st row |
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* sos2 = sos(2:2,:) % 2nd row |
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* % This puts the stop band at 0.02*fs or for fs=100 KHz |
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* % at 2 kHz. This, in turn, supports an 4 kHz |
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* % sampling rate after decimation. Thus a single LPF design |
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* % can be used for sample rates from 44.1 to 100 kHz. |
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* % See notes below on how to convert Octave output to coefficients: |
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* frequency at the lowest sample rate. These |
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* were calculated by Iowa Hills routines. |
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*/ |
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float iirLpfCoeffs[10] = // See lp1ForCtcss.gif
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{9.937058251573265e-04f, -1.898847656031816e-03f, 9.937058251573265e-04f, |
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1.953233139252097e+00f, -9.540781328043288e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -1.983872743032985e+00f, 9.999999999999998e-01f, |
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1.980584507653506e+00f, -9.822943824311938e-01f}; |
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//12000 260Hz -60 dB double elliptic 8 pole -60 dB at 300 Hz
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float32_t iirLpfCoeffs12[20] = { |
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0.182145523f,-0.359763551f, 0.182145523f, 1.888598461f,-0.893125955f, |
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0.350161286f,-0.689819799f, 0.350161286f, 1.922991947f,-0.933494720f, |
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0.293698317f,-0.571683303f, 0.293698317f, 1.954562781f,-0.970276113f, |
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0.053599924f,-0.089098167f, 0.053599924f, 1.973912800f,-0.992014481f }; |
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float32_t iirLpfCoeffs44[20] = { |
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0.188636212f,-0.376924253f, 0.188636212f, 1.969403901f,-0.969752071f, |
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0.357249908f,-0.713703189f, 0.357249908f, 1.980638291f,-0.981434917f, |
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0.294316431f,-0.587455758f, 0.294316431f, 1.990628020f,-0.991805124f, |
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0.049761875f,-0.098177786f, 0.049761875f, 1.996468755f,-0.997814718f}; |
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/* There is a band pass filter that is used after decimation to limit the
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* spectrum that is seen by the CTCSS detector to (67, 254) Hz. This |
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* provides the entire CTCSS band to compare against to see if any other |
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* tones are present. It also restricts the amount of voice spectrum |
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* presented to the CTCSS detector. This filter is sample rate dependent |
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* this routine allows for four different "built-in" rates. |
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* this routine allows for five different "built-in" rates. |
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* |
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* Sample LPF Decimation CTCSS BPF |
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* Rate Fco Ratio Samp Rate Name |
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* ------- ------ -------- -------- ----- |
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* 12.0kHz 260Hz 8 1500.0Hz BP12 |
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* 44.1kHz 254Hz 16 2756.2Hz BP44 |
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* 48.0kHz 276Hz 16 3000.0Hz BP48 |
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* 96.0kHz 553Hz 16 6000.0Hz BP96 |
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@ -381,7 +419,7 @@ private: |
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* The following allow computing a bandpass filter for any sample rate in |
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* the 44 to 100 kHz range (gnu octave script). |
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* |
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% ===================== BPF iir Coefficients ============================= |
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% ========== Sidebar: BPF iir Coefficients ============================= |
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% This GNU Octave m script will generate the BPF iir coefficients |
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% for other sample rates than the four listed here. It will probably |
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% run under Matlab, but that is untested. |
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@ -430,11 +468,19 @@ private: |
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% 1.797650895821358e+00, -8.356641238925192e-01, |
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% 1.000000000000000e+00, -1.999398698654737e+00, 1.000000000000000e+00, |
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% 1.941833848024410e+00, -9.614543316508065e-01}; |
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% |
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*/ |
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// The four predefined bandpass filters:
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% ===================================================================== */ |
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// The five predefined bandpass filters:
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// BP12 Decimated fSample = 1500 sps
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// 65 to 260, 0.1 dB rip, -60 dB elliptic, -7.5 dB at 300 Hz, -60 at 475
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float32_t coeff32bp12[20] = { |
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0.386816925f,-0.769638284f, 0.386816925f, 1.586751090f,-0.706113049f, |
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0.265346713f, 0.247789162f, 0.265346713f, 0.996735842f,-0.484375851f, |
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0.461314461f,-0.921736474f, 0.461314461f, 1.864126624f,-0.928392720f, |
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0.380685155f, 0.664524969f, 0.380685155f, 0.720627184f,-0.766126702f}; |
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// BP44 Decimated fSample = 2756.2 Hz
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float coeff32bp44[20] = { |
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float32_t coeff32bp44[20] = { |
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4.386558177463118e-03f, 4.835083945591431e-03f, 4.386558177463117e-03f, |
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1.503280453219001e+00f, -8.498498588788136e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -4.234328155653108e-01f, 1.000000000000000e+00f, |
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@ -445,17 +491,15 @@ private: |
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1.941833848024410e+00f, -9.614543316508065e-01f}; |
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// BP48 Decimated fSample = 3000 Hz
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float coeff32bp48[20] = { |
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3.764439090680418e-03f, 3.650362666517592e-03f, 3.764439090680417e-03f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -5.926113222413726e-01f, 1.000000000000000e+00f, |
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1.569400123464342e+00f, -7.055760636246757e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -1.997300534603388e+00f, 9.999999999999998e-01f, |
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1.816002936969042e+00f, -8.483092827984080e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -1.999491318923814e+00f, 1.000000000000000e+00f, |
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1.947984087804752e+00f, -9.645809301964445e-01f}; |
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// 67 to 254 Band Pass 60 dB reject elliptic -7.5 at 300 Hz -35 at 450 Hz
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float32_t coeff32bp48[20] = { |
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0.272147027f,-0.543594385f, 0.272147027f, 1.819349787f,-0.850367415f, |
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0.226417971f,-0.138869864f, 0.226417971f, 1.574952243f,-0.707479581f, |
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0.261002559f,-0.521878771f, 0.261002559f, 1.949332941f,-0.965207141f, |
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0.232822864f, 0.221820730f, 0.232822864f, 1.572088740f, -0.860996505};
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// BP96 Decimated fSample = 6000 Hz
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float coeff32bp96[20] = { |
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float32_t coeff32bp96[20] = { |
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1.554430361573611e-03f, 5.765630035510897e-04f, 1.554430361573611e-03f, |
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1.803990601116592e+00f, -8.406882700444890e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -1.541034615722940e+00f, 9.999999999999998e-01f, |
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@ -466,7 +510,7 @@ private: |
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1.978038062492293e+00f, -9.822341038950552e-01f}; |
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// BP100 Decimated fSample = 6250 Hz
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float coeff32bp100[20] = { |
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float32_t coeff32bp100[20] = { |
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1.504180063396739e-03f, -6.773089598829345e-04f, 1.504180063396738e-03f, |
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1.812635069874353e+00f, -8.465624856328144e-01f, |
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1.000000000000000e+00f, -1.573630872142354e+00f, 1.000000000000000e+00f, |
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@ -482,14 +526,14 @@ private: |
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* filter is always designed here and there is no need for |
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* caller-designed filters. |
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*/ |
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void setNotchX4(float frequency) |
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void setNotchX4(float32_t frequency) |
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{ |
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float kf[] = {0.9955f, 0.9982f, 1.0018f, 1.0045f}; // Offset ratios
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float Q = 60.0f; |
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float w0, sinW0, alpha, cosW0, scale; |
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float32_t kf[] = {0.9955f, 0.9982f, 1.0018f, 1.0045f}; // Offset ratios
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float32_t Q = 60.0f; |
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float32_t w0, sinW0, alpha, cosW0, scale; |
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for (int ii = 0; ii<4; ii++) // Over 4 cascaded BiQuad filters
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{ |
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w0 = kf[ii]*frequency*(2.0f*3.141592654f*16.0f / sample_rate_Hz); |
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w0 = kf[ii]*frequency*(2.0f*3.141592654f*nDecimate / sample_rate_Hz); |
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sinW0 = sin(w0); |
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alpha = sinW0 / (Q * 2.0f); |
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cosW0 = cos(w0); |
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