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Convert AutoConnectElements value to actual data type
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Convert AutoConnectElements value to actual data type
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Float
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<h1>Tips for data conversion</h1>
<h2 id="convert-autoconnectelements-value-to-actual-data-type">Convert AutoConnectElements value to actual data type<a class="headerlink" href="#convert-autoconnectelements-value-to-actual-data-type" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The value of the AutoConnectElements field of the custom Web pages consists of String type for all. Sketches will need to convert them to the actual data type. And then if the data type required for processing in the sketch is not a String type, it is necessary to convert to String type when storing to the AutoConenctElements value.</p>
<p>AutoConnect library does not provide the data conversion utility, and its function depends on Arduino language functions or functions of the type class. However, commonly used data conversion methods are generally similar.</p>
<p>Here, represent examples the typical method for the data type conversion for the AutoConnectElements value of custom Web pages.</p>
<h3 id="integer"><i class="fa fa-exchange"></i> Integer<a class="headerlink" href="#integer" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/conversion/intcast/">int()</a> or <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/data-types/string/functions/toint/">toInt() of String</a>.</p>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">aux.getElement</span><span style="color: #f92672">&lt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">(</span><span style="color: #e6db74">&quot;INPUT&quot;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">);</span>
<span style="color: #66d9ef">int</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">value</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input.value.toInt();</span>
</pre></div>
<h3 id="float"><i class="fa fa-exchange"></i> Float<a class="headerlink" href="#float" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Use <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/conversion/floatcast/">float()</a> or <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/data-types/string/functions/tofloat/">toFloat() of String</a>.</p>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">aux.getElement</span><span style="color: #f92672">&lt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">(</span><span style="color: #e6db74">&quot;INPUT&quot;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">);</span>
<span style="color: #66d9ef">float</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">value</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input.value.toFloat();</span>
</pre></div>
<h3 id="date-time"><i class="fa fa-exchange"></i> Date &amp; Time<a class="headerlink" href="#date-time" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>The easiest way is to use the <a href="https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_Time.html">Arduino Time Library</a>. Sketches must accommodate differences in date and time formats depending on the time zone. You can absorb the difference in DateTime format by using <code>sscanf</code> function.<sup id="fnref:1"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:1" rel="footnote">1</a></sup></p>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #75715e">#include</span> <span style="color: #75715e">&lt;TimeLib.h&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #66d9ef">time_t</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm;</span>
<span style="color: #66d9ef">int</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Year,</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Month,</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Day,</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Hour,</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Minute,</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Second;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">aux.getElement</span><span style="color: #f92672">&lt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">(</span><span style="color: #e6db74">&quot;INPUT&quot;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">);</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">sscanf(input.value.c_str(),</span> <span style="color: #e6db74">&quot;%d-%d-%d %d:%d:%d&quot;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Year,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Month,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Day,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Hour,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Minute,</span> <span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">Second);</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Year</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">CalendarYrToTm(Year);</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Month</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Month;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Day</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Day;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Hour</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Hour;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Minute</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Minute;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">tm.Second</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">Second;</span>
</pre></div>
<h3 id="ip-adderss"><i class="fa fa-exchange"></i> IP adderss<a class="headerlink" href="#ip-adderss" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>To convert a String to an IP address, use <strong>IPAddress::fromString</strong>. To stringize an instance of an IP address, use <strong>IPAddress::toString</strong>.</p>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">IPAddress</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">ip;</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&amp;</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">input</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">aux.getElement</span><span style="color: #f92672">&lt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">AutoConnectInput</span><span style="color: #f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">(</span><span style="color: #e6db74">&quot;INPUT&quot;</span><span style="color: #f8f8f2">);</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">ip.fromString(input.value);</span>
<span style="color: #f8f8f2">input.value</span> <span style="color: #f92672">=</span> <span style="color: #f8f8f2">ip.toString();</span>
</pre></div>
<h2 id="validation-for-the-value">Validation for the value<a class="headerlink" href="#validation-for-the-value" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>In order for data to be correctly converted from a string, the input data must be consistent with the format. How to implement strict validation in sketches depends on various perspectives and the power of tiny devices is not enough to implement a complete lexical analysis. But you can reduce the burden for data verification using the <strong>pattern</strong> of AutoConnectInput.</p>
<p>By giving a <a href="achandling.html#check-data-against-on-submission"><strong>pattern</strong></a> to <a href="apielements.html#pattern">AutoConnectInput</a>, you can find errors in data styles while typing in custom Web pages. The pattern is specified by <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions"><strong>regular expression</strong></a>. If the value during input of AutoConnectInput does not match the regular expression specified in the pattern, its background color changes to pink. Refer to <a href="achandling.html#check-data-against-on-submission">Handling the custom Web pages</a> section.</p>
<div class="admonition caution">
<p class="admonition-title">Regular Expressions for JavaScript</p>
<p>Regular expressions specified in the AutoConnectInput pattern conforms to the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">JavaScript specification</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>Here, represent examples the typical regular expression for the input validation.</p>
<h3 id="url"><i class="far fa-check-square"></i> URL<a class="headerlink" href="#url" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>^\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$
</pre></div>
<h3 id="dns-hostname"><i class="far fa-check-square"></i> DNS hostname<a class="headerlink" href="#dns-hostname" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>^(([a-zA-Z0-9]|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9])\.)*([A-Za-z0-9]|[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-]*[A-Za-z0-9])$
</pre></div>
<h3 id="email-address-1"><i class="far fa-check-square"></i> email address <sup id="fnref2:1"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:1" rel="footnote">1</a></sup><a class="headerlink" href="#email-address-1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&amp;&#39;*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$
</pre></div>
<h3 id="ip-address"><i class="far fa-check-square"></i> IP Address<a class="headerlink" href="#ip-address" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$
</pre></div>
<h3 id="date-as-mmddyyyy-2"><i class="far fa-check-square"></i> Date as MM/DD/YYYY <sup id="fnref:2"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:2" rel="footnote">2</a></sup><a class="headerlink" href="#date-as-mmddyyyy-2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<div class="codehilite" style="background: #272822"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>^(0[1-9]|1[012])[- \/.](0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])[- \/.](19|20)\d\d$
</pre></div>
<div class="admonition caution">
<p class="admonition-title">Contain with backquote</p>
<p>If that regular expression contains a backquote it must be escaped by backquote duplication.</p>
</div>
<div class="footnote">
<hr />
<ol>
<li id="fn:1">
<p>This regular expression does not fully support the format of the e-mail address requested in <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">RFC5322</a>.&#160;<a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref:1" rev="footnote" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text">&#8617;</a><a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref2:1" rev="footnote" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text">&#8617;</a></p>
</li>
<li id="fn:2">
<p>This regular expression does not consider semantic constraints. It is not possible to detect errors that do not exist as actual dates.&#160;<a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref:2" rev="footnote" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text">&#8617;</a></p>
</li>
</ol>
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